This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O 2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The complexed enzyme adds a single double bond between the C9 and C10 of long-chain acyl-CoAs from de-novo synthesis. This is how the monounsaturated fatty acid oleic acid is produced from the saturated fatty acid, stearic acid.Ī series of redox reactions, during which two electrons flow from NADH to flavoprotein cytochrome b 5, then to the electron acceptor cytochrome b 5 as well as molecular oxygen introduces a single double bond within a row of methylene fatty acyl-CoA substrates. It is responsible for forming a double bond in stearoyl-CoA. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 is a key enzyme in fatty acid metabolism. In humans, the enzyme is encoded by the SCD gene. Oleate and palmitoleate are major components of membrane phospholipids, cholesterol esters and alkyl-diacylglycerol.
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (Δ-9-desaturase) is an endoplasmic reticulum enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the formation of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), specifically oleate and palmitoleate from stearoyl-CoA and palmitoyl-CoA. In mammals, the SCD-1 reaction requires molecular oxygen, NAD(P)-cytochrome b5 reductase, cytochrome b5 to conduct an electron flow from NADPH to the terminal electron acceptor molecular oxygen, releasing water. positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis.monounsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic process.regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process.unsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic process.
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